Seville, circa 1617. In Pacheco’s workshop, the young Velázquez paints a tavern scene that defies any single interpretation. Three musicians, a watching monkey, and the viewer becomes an accomplice.
A Scene Vibrant with Light and Shadow
Observe these three young men gathered in a dark room. Their faces emerge from the gray background through a masterful play of chiaroscuro. The boy in the foreground stares at us, glass raised, smile complicit. Behind him, the singer opens his mouth wide, guitar in hand. The violinist attempts to imitate him. Velázquez captures each expression with disturbing precision. On the table, a meticulous still life: crusty bread on a white napkin, knives carefully arranged. A small crouching monkey completes this theatrical composition, gaze turned toward us.
Between Realism and Allegory
Before his appointment to the court in Madrid, Velázquez excelled in these genre scenes called “bodegones.” This painting invites multiple readings: a popular tavern or a well-appointed interior? The framed landscape on the wall suggests sight, the music solicits hearing, the objects evoke touch, the bread and wine appeal to taste and smell. A possible allegory of the five senses. The monkey symbolizes primal instincts. Does the musicians’ intoxication invite morality or entertainment?
Velázquez, Young Sevillian Prodigy
Diego Velázquez (1599-1660) created this work between the ages of 16 and 18, still in training. Its uneven lighting and spatial composition reflect this creative youth. Seven years later, he would become painter to King Philip IV. This bodegón already demonstrates his technical mastery and his ability to transcend conventions.
Think about it
💭 Does this scene speak to you of guilty pleasure or shared joy? Which reading do you favor?
About this Work
- The Three Musicians
- Diego Velázquez
- circa 1616-1618
- Oil on canvas
- 90.4 × 113.2 cm
- Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Gemäldegalerie
